# Maintainer’s Guide

## Issue triage

Please label incoming tickets accordingly according to these rules:

- Add the “bug” label to things that you think must be fixed urgently. Please don’t use this label for bugs that do not severely impede Flycheck’s functionality.

- Add the “needs review” label to new bugs and pull requests that need to be reviewed.

- Add the “beginner friendly” label to really easy things. If you add this label please also add a comment that outlines a possible solution.

- Add “blocked” to bugs that need further comment or help from the reporter, and to pull requests that need to be improved.

- Add “needs help” to anything that no contributor will work on, to mark the issue as available for external contributors and inform users that we will not work on the issue.

- Add “windows only” for bugs that appear to only affect Windows operating systems.

If you’d like to review a bug or pull request please assign the corresponding ticket to you.

In issues for specific languages that Flycheck support please mention the corresponding language team if one exists.

## Git workflow

Our Git workflow is simple:

- The `master` branch is always shippable.

- Every feature and every non-trivial change goes through a pull request.

GitHub calls this the “GitHub Flow” and has a very nice visual guide for this model.

### Branch rules

Our workflow implies a couple of rules about which branches to push code to:

- Please commit new features, larger changes and refactorings and updates to documentation to separate branches and open a pull request for review and discussion.

- The `master` branch is protected. Only owners can push directly to it. Everyone else needs to open a pull request. Github requires maintainer approval and passing Travis CI tests before a pull request can be merged to master.

Important

When creating a new branch please use a descriptive name to communicate the purpose of the branch to other developers and maintainers. `fix-bug-42` is not a great name, but `42-fix-void-function-error-in-error-list` is.

### Pull requests reviews

We review all pull requests, and require two different kinds of approval:

- At least one maintainer must approve the idea and direction with a `LGTM` comment.

- At least one contributor (maintainer or otherwise) must approve the implementation by leaving an approved pull request review, and no contributors must have requested changes.

#### As a maintainer

- Consider whether you personally think that the change is a good addition to Flycheck.

- Weight the expected benefits and impact of the feature against the expected complexity.

- Check whether the pull request complies with our style guide, but don’t go too much into technical details.

- Don’t review for technical details. It’s the idea and direction that counts.

If you would like to see the pull request in Flycheck leave a `LGTM` comment.

#### As a contributor

- Check the technical implementation.

- Consider the impact on syntax checking for a language.

- Check whether the tests pass.

- Check whether the PR complies with our style guide.

- Challenge the technical implementation of a pull request, and ask questions about dubious code.

- Consider whether there might be a simpler approach or a better solution to the problem that the PR solves.

If you find any issues please leave a pull request review that requests for changes. Please try to leave an inline comment wherever possible and try to suggest a better solution, to make it easy for the PR author to discover and fix the issues.

If you didn’t find any issues leave a pull request review that approves the changes.

In doubt request changes first and let the PR author explain their intention and implementation. You can still approve the review afterwards if you are satisfied.

#### Merge guidelines

Any contributor may merge approved pull requests. Our protection rules for the `master` branch ensure that only approved pull requests can be merged, but you still have to check a few things before merging:

- Are commits squashed? Before merging please take an extra look at the commits to make sure that the commits were properly squashed and have good commit messages. If needed, ask the contributor to improve the commit messages and squash the commits first, by requesting changes with a pull request review.

- Does the PR pass the integration tests? Not all checkers have integration tests, and not all tests are run on CI, so contributors should make sure to run them on their side.

- Should the PR warrant a line in the changelog? User-facing changes should be documented in `CHANGES.rst`.

For new features:

- Does the PR include tests? A new syntax checker should have at least one accompanying integration test.

- Does the PR include documentation? New syntax checkers or options should be documented in Supported Languages.

If all the points above have been addressed, then go ahead and click that green button :)

Note

We require proper merges for pull requests, to preserve the fact that a change came from a pull request in the git history and to retain any commit signatures that may exist. As such you can’t squash-merge or rebase-merge through GitHub’s UI.

### Signatures for commits and tags

We sign all release tags as part of our Release process. Thus you need a GPG key pair for Git. Github provides a great guide which helps you to generate a key and to tell Git about your key. Please also add your key to your Github account.

We also recommend that you sign all your commits with your key. Again, Github provides a good guide to sign commits.

See also

Signing Your Work

  For more information about signing commits and tags take a look at the section in the Git manual.

## Tooling and Services

In addition to Github where we host code and do code reviews we use a bit of extra tooling and some 3rd party services for Flycheck:

- ReadTheDocs hosts http://www.flycheck.org and automatically rebuilds it on every change. It works mostly automatically and requires little configuration.

- Travis CI runs our tests after every push and for every pull request. It’s configured through `.travis.yml`.

- CLA assistant checks signatures to our CLA and allows contributors to sign the CLA through their Github account.

All maintainers have administrative access to these services so in case of an issue just contact them.

## Maintenance scripts

Administrative processes are tedious and time-consuming, so we try to automate as much as possible. The `maint/` directory contains many scripts for this purpose. `make -C maint/ help` provides an overview over all administrative tasks.

Most of these scripts require Python 3.5 and additional Python libraries. On OS X it is recommended that you use Homebrew to install the latest Python version with `brew install python3`. On Linux you should be able to obtain Python 3.5 from the package manager of your distribution.

To install all required libraries run `make -C maint init`. We recommend that you use virtualenv to avoid a global installation of Python modules. `make init` will warn you if you do not.

## Versioning and releases

We use a single continuously increasing version number for Flycheck.

Important

Breaking changes may occur at any point.

Please feel free to make a release whenever you think it’s appropriate. It’s generally a good idea to release when

- you fixed an important bug that affects many users,

- there are a couple of new syntax checkers available,

- there’s a major new feature in `master`,

- etc.

In doubt just make a release. We aim to release early and frequently. If anything breaks anything we can just publish another release afterwards.

### Release process

First, check that

1. you are on `master`,

2. your working directory is clean, i.e. has no uncommitted changes or untracked files,

3. all commits are pushed,

4. and Travis CI passes for the latest commit on `master`.

If all is good a new release is a simple as

    $ make -C maint release

This runs the release script in `maint/release.py`. If any of the above requirements isn’t met the release script will signal an error and abort.

The release script bumps the version number, commits and tags a new release, and pushes it to Github.

Note

The tag is signed; you must configure Git for signing commits and tags before you make a release the first time. After pushing the new release to Github, the script bumps the version number again, to the next snapshot, and commits the changes again.

Once the script is completed please

1. Edit the release information on Github and add a short summary about the release. Don’t forget to add a link to the complete changelog and upload the package TAR file.

2. Enable the new release on the ReadTheDocs versions dashboard.

3. Announce the new release in our Gitter channel, and wherever else you see fit.

## New maintainers

To propose a new maintainer open a pull request that adds the user to `MAINTAINERS` and `doc/community/people.rst`. The pull request is subject to the same rules as all other pull requests. Notably it goes through the same approval process.

Once merged please also

- add the new maintainer to the `Maintainers` team of the Github organisation. This does not award additional privileges, it’s just to support `@flycheck/maintainers` mentions for the sake of convenience,

- invite the new maintainer to the internal Maintainers channel on Gitter,