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CO2.hpp
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// -*- mode: C++; tab-width: 4; indent-tabs-mode: nil; c-basic-offset: 4 -*-
// vi: set et ts=4 sw=4 sts=4:
/*
This file is part of the Open Porous Media project (OPM).
OPM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation, either version 2 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.
OPM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
GNU General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with OPM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
Consult the COPYING file in the top-level source directory of this
module for the precise wording of the license and the list of
copyright holders.
*/
#ifndef OPM_CO2_HPP
#define OPM_CO2_HPP
#include <opm/common/TimingMacros.hpp>
#include <opm/material/Constants.hpp>
#include <opm/material/IdealGas.hpp>
#include <opm/material/components/Component.hpp>
#include <opm/material/common/MathToolbox.hpp>
#include <opm/material/common/UniformTabulated2DFunction.hpp>
#include <cmath>
#include <string_view>
namespace Opm {
template <class Scalar>
class CO2 : public Component<Scalar, CO2<Scalar>>
{
static constexpr Scalar R = Constants<Scalar>::R;
static const UniformTabulated2DFunction<double>& tabulatedEnthalpy;
static const UniformTabulated2DFunction<double>& tabulatedDensity;
public:
static const Scalar brineSalinity;
static std::string_view name()
{ return "CO2"; }
static Scalar molarMass()
{ return 44e-3; }
static Scalar criticalTemperature()
{ return 273.15 + 30.95; /* [K] */ }
static Scalar criticalPressure()
{ return 73.8e5; /* [N/m^2] */ }
static Scalar tripleTemperature()
{ return 273.15 - 56.35; /* [K] */ }
static Scalar triplePressure()
{ return 5.11e5; /* [N/m^2] */ }
// static Scalar minTabulatedPressure()
// { return tabulatedEnthalpy.minPress(); /* [N/m^2] */ }
// static Scalar maxTabulatedPressure()
// { return tabulatedEnthalpy.maxPress(); /* [N/m^2] */ }
// static Scalar minTabulatedTemperature()
// { return tabulatedEnthalpy.minTemp(); /* [N/m^2] */ }
// static Scalar maxTabulatedTemperature()
// { return tabulatedEnthalpy.maxTemp(); /* [N/m^2] */ }
template <class Evaluation>
static Evaluation vaporPressure(const Evaluation& T)
{
static constexpr Scalar a[4] =
{ -7.0602087, 1.9391218, -1.6463597, -3.2995634 };
static constexpr Scalar t[4] =
{ 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 4.0 };
// this is on page 1524 of the reference
Evaluation exponent = 0;
Evaluation Tred = T/criticalTemperature();
for (int i = 0; i < 4; ++i)
exponent += a[i]*pow(1 - Tred, t[i]);
exponent *= 1.0/Tred;
return exp(exponent)*criticalPressure();
}
static bool gasIsCompressible()
{ return true; }
static bool gasIsIdeal()
{ return false; }
template <class Evaluation>
static Evaluation gasEnthalpy(const Evaluation& temperature,
const Evaluation& pressure,
bool extrapolate = false)
{
return tabulatedEnthalpy.eval(temperature, pressure, extrapolate);
}
template <class Evaluation>
static Evaluation gasInternalEnergy(const Evaluation& temperature,
const Evaluation& pressure,
bool extrapolate = false)
{
const Evaluation h = gasEnthalpy(temperature, pressure, extrapolate);
const Evaluation rho = gasDensity(temperature, pressure, extrapolate);
return h - (pressure / rho);
}
template <class Evaluation>
static Evaluation gasDensity(const Evaluation& temperature,
const Evaluation& pressure,
bool extrapolate = false)
{
return tabulatedDensity.eval(temperature, pressure, extrapolate);
}
template <class Evaluation>
static Evaluation gasViscosity(Evaluation temperature,
const Evaluation& pressure,
bool extrapolate = false)
{
OPM_TIMEFUNCTION_LOCAL();
constexpr Scalar a0 = 0.235156;
constexpr Scalar a1 = -0.491266;
constexpr Scalar a2 = 5.211155e-2;
constexpr Scalar a3 = 5.347906e-2;
constexpr Scalar a4 = -1.537102e-2;
constexpr Scalar d11 = 0.4071119e-2;
constexpr Scalar d21 = 0.7198037e-4;
constexpr Scalar d64 = 0.2411697e-16;
constexpr Scalar d81 = 0.2971072e-22;
constexpr Scalar d82 = -0.1627888e-22;
constexpr Scalar ESP = 251.196;
if(temperature < 275.) // regularization
temperature = 275.0;
Evaluation TStar = temperature/ESP;
// mu0: viscosity in zero-density limit
const Evaluation logTStar = log(TStar);
Evaluation SigmaStar = exp(a0 + logTStar*(a1 + logTStar*(a2 + logTStar*(a3 + logTStar*a4))));
Evaluation mu0 = 1.00697*sqrt(temperature) / SigmaStar;
const Evaluation rho = gasDensity(temperature, pressure, extrapolate); // CO2 mass density [kg/m^3]
// dmu : excess viscosity at elevated density
Evaluation dmu =
d11*rho
+ d21*rho*rho
+ d64*pow(rho, 6.0)/(TStar*TStar*TStar)
+ d81*pow(rho, 8.0)
+ d82*pow(rho, 8.0)/TStar;
return (mu0 + dmu)/1.0e6; // conversion to [Pa s]
}
template <class Evaluation>
static Evaluation gasHeatCapacity(const Evaluation& temperature, const Evaluation& pressure)
{
OPM_TIMEFUNCTION_LOCAL();
constexpr Scalar eps = 1e-6;
// NB!! should be changed to using the derivative from the table (if piecwise linear double derivate is zero).
// use central differences here because one-sided methods do
// not come with a performance improvement. (central ones are
// more accurate, though...)
const Evaluation h1 = gasEnthalpy(temperature - eps, pressure);
const Evaluation h2 = gasEnthalpy(temperature + eps, pressure);
return (h2 - h1) / (2*eps) ;
}
};
} // namespace Opm
#endif
Component.hpp
Abstract base class of a pure chemical species.
Constants.hpp
A central place for various physical constants occuring in some equations.
IdealGas.hpp
Relations valid for an ideal gas.
MathToolbox.hpp
A traits class which provides basic mathematical functions for arbitrary scalar floating point values...
UniformTabulated2DFunction.hpp
Implements a scalar function that depends on two variables and which is sampled on an uniform X-Y gri...
Opm::CO2
A class for the CO2 fluid properties.
Definition CO2.hpp:54
Opm::CO2::criticalTemperature
static Scalar criticalTemperature()
Returns the critical temperature [K] of CO2.
Definition CO2.hpp:77
Opm::CO2::gasIsCompressible
static bool gasIsCompressible()
Returns true iff the gas phase is assumed to be compressible.
Definition CO2.hpp:156
Opm::CO2::gasHeatCapacity
static Evaluation gasHeatCapacity(const Evaluation &temperature, const Evaluation &pressure)
Specific isobaric heat capacity of the component [J/kg] as a liquid.
Definition CO2.hpp:261
Opm::CO2::criticalPressure
static Scalar criticalPressure()
Returns the critical pressure [Pa] of CO2.
Definition CO2.hpp:83
Opm::CO2::gasViscosity
static Evaluation gasViscosity(Evaluation temperature, const Evaluation &pressure, bool extrapolate=false)
The dynamic viscosity [Pa s] of CO2.
Definition CO2.hpp:208
Opm::CO2::name
static std::string_view name()
A human readable name for the CO2.
Definition CO2.hpp:65
Opm::CO2::vaporPressure
static Evaluation vaporPressure(const Evaluation &T)
Returns the pressure [Pa] at CO2's triple point.
Definition CO2.hpp:135
Opm::CO2::triplePressure
static Scalar triplePressure()
Returns the pressure [Pa] at CO2's triple point.
Definition CO2.hpp:95
Opm::CO2::tripleTemperature
static Scalar tripleTemperature()
Returns the temperature [K]at CO2's triple point.
Definition CO2.hpp:89
Opm::CO2::gasEnthalpy
static Evaluation gasEnthalpy(const Evaluation &temperature, const Evaluation &pressure, bool extrapolate=false)
Specific enthalpy of gaseous CO2 [J/kg].
Definition CO2.hpp:169
Opm::CO2::gasIsIdeal
static bool gasIsIdeal()
Returns true iff the gas phase is assumed to be ideal.
Definition CO2.hpp:162
Opm::CO2::molarMass
static Scalar molarMass()
The mass in [kg] of one mole of CO2.
Definition CO2.hpp:71
Opm::CO2::gasInternalEnergy
static Evaluation gasInternalEnergy(const Evaluation &temperature, const Evaluation &pressure, bool extrapolate=false)
Specific internal energy of CO2 [J/kg].
Definition CO2.hpp:180
Opm::CO2::gasDensity
static Evaluation gasDensity(const Evaluation &temperature, const Evaluation &pressure, bool extrapolate=false)
The density of CO2 at a given pressure and temperature [kg/m^3].
Definition CO2.hpp:194
Opm::Component
Abstract base class of a pure chemical species.
Definition Component.hpp:44
Opm::Constants
A central place for various physical constants occuring in some equations.
Definition Constants.hpp:41
Opm::UniformTabulated2DFunction
Implements a scalar function that depends on two variables and which is sampled on an uniform X-Y gri...
Definition UniformTabulated2DFunction.hpp:52
Opm::UniformTabulated2DFunction::eval
Evaluation eval(const Evaluation &x, const Evaluation &y, bool extrapolate) const
Evaluate the function at a given (x,y) position.
Definition UniformTabulated2DFunction.hpp:196
Opm
This class implements a small container which holds the transmissibility mulitpliers for all the face...
Definition Exceptions.hpp:30